What Is SPRO In BW Project?

1) What is spro?
2) How to use in bw project?
3) What is difference between idoc and psa in transfer methods?

1. SPRO is the transaction code for Implementation Guide, where you can do configuration settings.
* Type spro in the transaction box and you will get a screen customizing :
Execute Project.
* Click on the SAP Reference IMG button. you will come to Display IMG Screen.
* The following path will allow you to do the configuration settings :
SAP Cutomizing Implementation Guide -> SAP Netweaver ->SAP Business Warehouse Information.

2. SPRO is used to configure the following settings :
* General Settings like printer settings, fiscal year settings, ODS Object Settings, Authorisation settings, settings for displaying SAP Documents, etc., etc.,
* Links to other systems : like links between flat files and BW Systems, R/3 and BW, and other data sources, link between BW system and Microsoft Analysis services, and crystal enterprise....etc., etc.,
* UD Connect Settings : Like configuring BI Java Connectors, Establishing the RFC Desitination for SAP BW for J2EEE Engine, Installation of Availability monitoring for UD Connect.
* Automated Processes: like settings for batch processes, background processes etc., etc.,
* Transport Settings : like settings for source system name change after transport and create destination for import post-processing.
* Reporting Relevant Settings : Like Bex Settings, General Reporting Settings.
* Settings for Business Content : which is already provided by SAP.

3. PSA : Persistant Staging Area : is a holding area of raw data. It contains detailed requests in the format of the transfer structure. It is defined according to the Datasource and source system, and is source system dependent.

IDOCS : Intermediate DOCuments : Data Structures used as API working storage for applications, which need to move data in or out of SAP Systems.

Difference Between PSA, ALE

how data is transferd using PSA&IDoc

The following update types are available in SAP BW:
1. PSA
2. ALE (data IDoc)

You determine the PSA or IDoc transfer method in the transfer rule maintenance screen. The process for loading the data for both transfer methods is triggered by a request IDoc to the source system. Info IDocs are used in both transfer methods. Info IDocs are transferred exclusively using ALE

A data IDoc consists of a control record, a data record, and a status record The control record contains, for example, administrative information such as the receiver, the sender, and the client. The status record describes the status of the IDoc, for example, "Processed". If you use the PSA for data extraction, you benefit from increased flexiblity (treatment of incorrect data records). Since you are storing the data temporarily in the PSA before updating it in to the data targets, you can check the data and change it if necessary. Unlike a data request with IDocs, the PSA gives you various options for additional data updates into data targets:

InfoObject/Data Target Only - This option means that the PSA is not used as a temporary store. You choose this update type if you do not want to check the source system data for consistency and accuracy, or you have already checked this yourself and are sure that you no longer require this data since you are not going to change the structure of the data target again.

PSA and InfoObject/Data Target in Parallel (Package by Package) - BW receives the data from the source system, writes the data to the PSA and at the same time starts the update into the relevant data targets. Therefore, this method has the best performance.

The parallel update is described in detail in the following: A dialog process is started by data package, in which the data of this package is writtein into the PSA table. If the data is posted successfully into the PSA table, the system releases a second, parallel dialog process that writes the data to the data targets. In this dialog process the transfer rules for the data records of the data package are applied, that data is transferred to the communcation structure, and then written to the data targets. The first dialog process (data posting into the PSA) confirms in the source system that is it completed and the source system sends a new data package to BW while the second dialog process is still updating the data into the data targets.

The parallelism relates to the data packages, that is, the system writes the data packages into the PSA table and into the data targets in parallel. Caution: The maximum number of processes setin the source system in customizing for the extractors does not restrict the number of processes in BW. Therefore, BW can require many dialog processes for the load process. Ensure that there are enough dialog processes available in the BW system. If there are not enough processes on the system side, errors occur. Therefore, this method is the least recommended.

PSA and then into InfoObject/Data Targets (Package by Package) - Updates data in series into the PSA table and into the data targets by data package. The system starts one process that writes the data packages into the PSA table. Once the data is posted successfuly into the PSA table, it is then written to the data targets in the same dialog process. Updating in series gives you more control over the overall data flow when compared to parallel data transfer since there is only one process per data package in BW. In the BW system the maximum number of dialog process required for each data request corresponds to the setting that you made in customizing for the extractors in the control parameter maintenance screen. In contrast to the parallel update, the system confirms that the process is completed only after the data has been updated into the PSA and also into the data targets for the first data package.

Only PSA - The data is not posted further from the PSA table immediately. It is useful to transfer the data only into the PSA table if you want to check its accuracy and consistency and, if necessary, modify the data. You then have the following options for updating data from the PSA table:

Automatic update - In order to update the data automatically in the relevant data target after all data packages are in the PSA table and updated successfully there, in the scheduler when you schedule the InfoPackage, choose Update Subsequently in Data Targets on the Processing tab page.

Interview Questions

Interview Questions:

1. Identify the statement(s) that is/are true. A change run...

a. Activates the new Master data and Hierarchy data
b. Aggregates are realigned and recalculated
c. Always reads data from the InfoCube to realign aggregates
d. Aggregates are not affected by change run

1: A, B

2. Which statement(s) is/are true about Multiproviders?

a. This is a virtual Infoprovider that does not store data
b. They can contain InfoCubes, ODSs, info objects and info sets
c. More than one info provider is required to build a Multiprovider
d It is similar to joining the data tables

2: A, B

3. The structure of the PSA table created for an info source will be...

a. Featuring the exact same structure as Transfer structure
b. Similar to the transfer rules
c. Similarly structured as the Communication structure
d. The same as Transfer structure, plus four more fields in the beginning

3: D

4. In BW, special characters are not permitted unless it has been defined using this transaction:

a. rrmx
b. rskc
c. rsa15
d. rrbs

4: B

5. Select the true statement(s) about info sources:

a. One info source can have more than one source system assigned to it
b. One info source can have more than one data source assigned to it provided the data sources are in different source systems
c. Communication structure is a part of an info source
d. None of the above

5: A, C

6. Select the statement(s) that is/are true about the data sources in a BW system:

a. If the hide field indicator is set in a data source, this field will not be transferred to BW even after replicating the data source
b. A field in a data source won't be usable unless the selection field indicator has been set in the data source
c. A field in an info package will not be visible for filtering unless the selection field has been checked in the data source
d. All of the above

6: A, C

7. Select the statement(s) which is/are true about the 'Control parameters for data transfer from the Source System':

a. The table used to store the control parameters is ROIDOCPRMS
b. Field max lines is the maximum number of records in a packet
c. Max Size is the maximum number of records that can be transferred to BW
d. All of the above

7: A

8. The indicator 'Do not condense requests into one request when activation takes place' during ODS activation applies to condensation of multiple requests into one request to store it in the active table of the ODS.

a. True
b. False

8: B

9. Select the statement(s) which is/are not true related to flat file uploads:

a. CSV and ASCII files can be uploaded
b. The table used to store the flat file load parameters is RSADMINC
c. The transaction for setting parameters for flat file upload is RSCUSTV7
d. None of the above

9: C

10. Which statement(s) is/are true related to Navigational attributes vs Dimensional attributes?

a. Dimensional attributes have a performance advantage over Navigational attributes for queries
b. Change history will be available if an attribute is defined as navigational
c. History of changes is available if an attribute is included as a characteristic in the cube
d. All of the above

10: A, C

11. When a Dimension is created as a line item dimension in a cube, Dimensions IDs will be same as that of SIDs.

a. True
b. False

11: A

12. Select the true statement(s) related to the start routine in the update rules:

a. All records in the data packet can be accessed
b. Variables declared in the global area is available for individual routines
c. Returncode greater than 0 will be abort the whole packet
d. None of the above

12: A, B, C

13. If a characteristic value has been entered in InfoCube-specific properties of an InfoCube, only these values can be loaded to the cube for that characteristic.

a. True
b. False

13: A

14. After any changes have been done to an info set it needs to be adjusted using transaction RSISET.

a. True
b. False

14: A

15. Select the true statement(s) about read modes in BW:

a. Read mode determines how the OLAP processor retrieves data during query execution and navigation
b. Three different types of read modes are available
c. Can be set only at individual query level
d. None of the above

15: A, B

What is BDC and How you use it?

What is BDC
During data transfer, data is transferred from an external system into the SAP
R/3 System. •Transfer data from an external system into an R/3 System as it is
installed. •Transfer data regularly from an external system into an R/3 System.

Example: If data for some departments in your company is input using a system
other than the R/3 System, you can still integrate this data in the R/3 System. To do
this, you export the data from the external system and use a data transfer method to
import it into the R/3 System.
Batch input with batch input sessions : Data consistency check with the help of
screen logic.

With the batch input method, an ABAP program reads the external data that is to be
entered in the R/3 System and stores the data in a "batch input session". The
session records the actions that are required to transfer data into the system using
normal SAP transactions.

When the program has generated the session, you can run the session to execute
the SAP transactions in it. You can explicitly start and monitor a session with the
batch input management function (by choosing System ® Services ® Batch input), or
have the session run in the background processing system.

Use the BDC_OPEN_GROUP function module to create a new session. Once you
have created a session, then you can insert batch input data into it with
BDC_INSERT. Use the BDC_INSERT function module to add a transaction to a
batch input session. Use the BDC_CLOSE_GROUP function module to close a
session after you have inserted all of your batch input data into it.

Download a pdf of BDC&LSMW
http://www.savefile.com/files/799694

Some BW Questions

Some BW Questions

1. The following transactions are relevant to the data sources in an SAP BW source system.

a. RSA3
b. RSA4
c. RSA5
d. RSA6

2. True or False? A reference characteristic will use the SID table and master data table of the referred characteristic.

a. True
b. False

3. The following statements are not true about navigational attributes.

a. An attribute of an info object cannot be made navigational if the attribute-only flag on the attribute info object has been checked.
b. Navigational attributes can be used to create aggregates.
c. It is possible to make a display attribute to navigational in an info cube data without deleting all the data from the info cube.
d. Once an attribute is made navigational in an info cube, it is possible to change it back to a display attribute if the data has been deleted from the info cube.

4. True or False? It is possible to create a key figure without assigning currency or unit.

a. True
b. False

5. The following statements are true for compounded info objects.

a. An info cube needs to contain all info objects of the compounded info object if it has been included in the info cube.
b. An info object cannot be included as a compounding object if it is defined as an attribute only.
c. An info object can be included as an attribute and a compounding object simultaneously.
d. The total length of a compounded info object cannot exceed 60.

6. The following statements are true for an info cube.

a. Each characteristic of info cube should be assigned to at least one dimension.
b. One characteristic can be assigned to more than one dimensions.
c. One dimension can have more than one characteristic.
d. More than one characteristic can be assigned to one line item dimension.

7. The following statements are true for info cubes and aggregates.

a. Requests cannot be deleted if info cubes are compressed.
b. A request cannot be deleted from an info cube if that request (is compressed) in the aggregates.
c. Deleting a request from the cube will delete the corresponding request from the aggregate, if the aggregate has not been compressed.
d. All of the above.

8. The following statements are true regarding the ODS request deletion.

a. It is not possible to delete a request from ODS after the request has been activated.
b. Deleting an (inactive) request will delete all requests that have been loaded into the ODS after this request was loaded.
c. Deleting an active request will delete the request from the change log table.
d. None of the above.

9. The following statements are true for aggregates.

a. An aggregate stores data of an info cube redundantly and persistently in a summarized form in the database.
b. An aggregate can be built on characteristics or navigational attributes from the info cube.
c. Aggregates enable queries to access data quickly for reporting.
d. None of the above.

10. True or False? If an info cube has active aggregates built on it, the new requests loaded will not be available for reporting until the rollup has been completed successfully.

a. True
b. False

11. What is the primary purpose of having multi-dimensional data models?

a. To deliver structured information that the business user can easily navigate by using any possible combination of business terms to show the KPIs.
b. To make it easier for developers to build applications, that will be helpful for the business users.
c. To make it easier to store data in the database and avoid redundancy.
d. All of the above.

12. The following statements are true for partitioning.

a. If a cube has been partitioned, the E table of the info cube will be partitioned on time.
b. The F table of the info cube is partitioned on request.
c. The PSA table is partitioned automatically with several requests on one partition.
d. It is not possible to partition the info cube after data has been loaded, unless all the data is deleted from the cube.

13. The following statements are true for OLAP CACHE.

a. Query navigation states and query results are stored in the application server memory.
b. If the same query has been executed by another user the result sets can be used if the global cache is active.
c. Reading query results from OLAP cache is faster than reading from the database.
d. Changing the query will invalidate the OLAP cache for that query.

14. The following statements are true about the communication structure.

a. It contains all the info objects that belong to an info source.
b. All the data is updated into the info cube with this structure.
c. It is dependent on the source system.
d. All of the above.

15. The following statements are untrue about ODSs.

a. It is possible to create ODSs without any data fields.
b. An ODS can have a maximum of 16 key fields.
c. Characteristics and key figures can be added as key fields in an ODS.
d. After creating and activating, an export data source is created automatically.